Elastic webbing



oct. 11. 1927.

G. E. cLAufss ELASTIC WEBBING Filed April 24. 192e gl=eae IIL-lillllllllll .bis I sie gmc@ Patented Cct. 1l, 1927.

UNITED sfra'lesI 4 GEORGE E. CLAUss, 0E ANsoNIA, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR To THEgANsoNIA COMPANY, E ANSQNIA, CONNECTICUT.

PATENT OFFICE.

ELASTIC WEBBIN G.

Applcationlled April (24 1925.

rlhis invention relatesl to woven fabric material, and more particularly to a woven elastic fabric or elastick webbing, sohtermed because of the factv that` it may be stretched 5 to a considerable extentwhen under tension, and resume its natural form when the ten-l siony is released.l This quality arises from the fact thatthe fabric contains elastic or rubber thread, and inr practice this rubb-er thread is usuallyncovered with onevor more layers oftextile yarn to providekwhat is commonly called covered rubber. lThe invention relates particularly to what is termed 1 in thetrade as wide elastic webbing, and as implied by this name, is usually made in relatively wide widths suitableforluse in the l manufacture of corsets, girdles, vabdominal supporters, elastic bandages, or other articles of personal wear. in connection with use in corsets,y for example, th-evwebbing is often made of aA width equalito the` width of ythe garment and relatively shorty lengths are inserted between two inelastic sections, so that the ,elastic web extends'from the top to the bottombf thel garment to give elasticity to the lattert-hroughout itsentire width. It may, however, becutinto V-shaped or we-dge shaped `'sections and be inserted in a'corsetor girdle in the form (of gores. v

AV web which is Asuited for use: in connectionwith the articles described, preferably has certain characteristics whichrender it especially desirable for such use,y particularly if all of these desirable qualities maybe combined in one fabric, which combination is contemplated by the present invention. Such a web should possess an ornamental face surface; and preferably, as is the case` withl the present web, a hard reticulated face; a soft, smooth, velvety back surface which ,is closest to the skin of theA wearer; great flexibility so that it maybe easily folded or doubledvup without deformation and4 without showing the creases;k or folds when straightened; proper elastic' stremqth; great ultimate strength; andthe parts of thev web vshouldbe stronglyv or firmly bound togetlierl havesucceededlin combining all ofxthese characteristicsin fa web having a ,sa rsingle layerlof covered.` rubber cords,"al-

though it will be, understood that without departing fromv the invention in. its broader aspects, lthe character of the web may be changed@ Sonie extent and even some ofthe Serial N0. 104,450.

desirable characteristics described above may bevomitted.v Y

One object of my invention is to provide aweb having a single layer of rubber warp cords of such character that the webbing may be suitable for use in corsets or kindred articles', wherein the web may form the entirebody of the article or'maybe used in sections or vgol-es between inelastic lportions of the garments.`

.Another object of myinvention is to provide'any elastic webbing having a single range or layer of'rubber cords, and provided with an ornamental reticulated face surface, and a soft, smooth back surface. l i

Another object of my invention is to provide an elastic webbing, having yrubber warp cords crossed on the` face of the web by filler picls forming ribs which cooperate with the cords toy provide face reticules, and having textile warp threads carried for the greater part of their lengths 'on the backy of the web to Iform part of a' soft back surface therefor.

A still further object of my invention is the provision of an elastic webbing, having asingle'layer:ofrubber cords, and'of strong and durable character, while at the same time possessing great flexibility and having one soft, yielding surface; which may be worn close to the skin with comfort.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an elastic webbing o-frelatively light weight which will, at the same time, be strong and durable, the parts of which will be firmly held together and which, at the same time is pliable and flexible andinay be folded and crumpled readilybutwhich will not be easily creased.l l

A still further object of my invention is to provide an elastic fabric composed of elastic warp cords and textile filler picks and other textile warp cords, the filler picksand the textile warp cordshaving a greater aggregate crosssection onthe backl of the webv than on theA front thereof, and ybeing ariv ranged'A to form a soft back surfaceifor' the web." 'i

To these and other ends, Vthe invention 00nsists'V in' the novel features" and 'combinations of pa'rtsftof"be`v hereinafterfdescribed and claimed.4 1

Inthe; accompanying drawings:

Fig. i isfanj enlargedjplan' view OfV the frontfface 0f thejweb" i lill .particularly hereinafter.

F ig. 2 is an enlarged plan view of the back of the web;

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic sectional view through the warp thread, showing the selvage edge;

Fig. 4t is a cross-sectional view through the warp threads, showing the texture of the web between the selvagc edgetaken on line L11- 4 of Fig. 5; h

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 4;

'Fig'. 6 is an enlarged diagrann'natic view of the face of the webbing;

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 5, showing a modified forni. I

yEhe preferred embodiment of my invention which l have selected to illustrate and describe, consists of a web designated generally by the numeral 10, the face of which, as shown in Fig. 1, is of a reticulated ap- 'i, earance, the reticules being substantially rectangular in shape and formed by the crossing of the textile 'lace filler picks and the elastic warp cords, as will be described more 1t will be understood that the precise steps described in the weaving of the material may be varied to a considerable extent withoutchanging, encept in the matter of degree, the character of the resulting fabric and without departfroni the basic principles employed in its construction. lnv the 'form shown, the rubber cords and the face filler picks are so spaced as to 'forni reticules rectangular in shape, the dimensions of which may, of lourse, be varied in the weaving of the vfabric if desired.

rlhc web may be regarded as' made up of certain units, the warp threads which, as shown in Fig. 3, consist ot a cov-ered rub ber warp cord 11, a binder warp thread 12, and it'our back warp threads 18, 1li, 'l5 and 16, the unit repeating itself many times across the web. These warp Vthreads are cr ed by eight filling picks within the unit referred to, the filling picks crossing the warp 'threads in a certain manner which will be more particularlyv described later, eight of these crossings forming a cycle which is thereafter repeated throughout the length of the fabric. As shown in Fig. 3, the rubber warp cords 11 are arranged in a single layer or range across the width of the fabric, and are crossed by the face iilling picks 1i and back filling picks 18, 19 and E20. The face filling picks 17 forni ribs on the face of the fabric, and as shown., are spaced apart to a sufl'icient extent to form in conjunction with the rubber cords the reticules already referred to'. These ribs may consist of a single crossing of filling or they may, if desired, consist of two or more. Such a rib coiisisb ing of two crossings of filling picks, is shown in Fig. 7 of the drawings. The filling picks themselves may also consist of one or more threads depending on the size of these picks, which is, of course, determined by the precise character which is desired of the finished product. In any case, however, ac-V cording to the present invention, the face filling picks will forni ribs above the cords to provide the 'fac-e reticules. It may also be noted that there are more filling picks below the rubber cords than above, which is preferable but which may be varied ifv desired. In the unit above referred to, it 'will be noted that there are eight crossings of filling picks arranged in two seriesV of four cach, and in each series one filler pick crosses above the rubber cords and three below.

The rubber warp cords and certain of the filling threads are bound together by the binder warp threads 12, arranged as .shown in Figs. 3 and 1, substantially intermediate the rubber cords. These binder threads pass over and under alternate filling picks and are so arranged that they pass over all of the face filling picks 17, arranged above the rubber cords. l,Vhile these binder threads hold the face filling picks downtightly to the rubber cords, an additional binding function is also ,accomplished i threads, as will be hereinafter explained.

The back warp threads 18, 14;, 15 and 16 serve as a stufing for the fabric, and are so crossed by the filling threads that the greater part of' the length of these warp threads is exposed at the back of the web, these threads being so woven that they, together with the back filling picks, will form a relatively soft and yielding back for the web. The manner in which these threads are crossed by the lilling picks is perhaps best shown in Fig. G. `Each of these threads is woven into the web in the s ame manner, but they are staggered in relation to each other so that while one may pass above a given filling pick, an adj acent one will pass below such pick. The warp thread 18, for instance, passes above the filler pick 17, below the next five filling picks 18, 19, 20, 17 and 18, above the next filling pick 19 and below the next pick 20, this cycle taking in eight crossings of filling picks and being repeated many times throughout the web. The warp thread 14 passes above the first filling pick 17, below 18, above 19 and then Lbelow the next live filling picks 20, 17, 18, 19 and 20. The thread 15 in the unit shown passes below the first two filling picks 1T and 18, above 19, below 29, above the next filling pick 17 an-d then below the nent three picks 18, 19, and 20, while the thread 16 passes below the first four picks 17, 18, 19 and 20, above the next 1T, below the `neat 18, above the next 19, and below the last 20. lt will be obvious, therefore, that each of these back warp threads passes above one filler pick, under the next, above the next, and then belQW the next fiveloo iii)

. first tace pick 17 inthe unit shown in Fig. 6,

lies below thev back warps 13 and 14', while the second face filler 17 lies below the warp threads 15 and 1.6. that the greater part of the lengths of these warp threads is situated on the back of the web, and as t-he number 'of iillingpicks on the back ot" the web is greater than that on the face, it will be apparent that there is a greater mass of textile material on theback.

than on the face of' the web, which material is so woven as to form the soft back surface. The back warp threads 13, 14, 15 and 16, each of which passes over one face lfilling pick inA every unit of eight of such picks, will also serve in part to bind the parts of the Vfabric together, aswell as serving as stuffing warps to add to the body of the fabric.

In each unit, as already described, and a's shown in Fig. G, there are beside one rubber cord, one binder warp thread, Vfour back warp threads, and eight filling picks, the tive warp threads and eight filling picks, of course, crossing each otherk ortytimes within the unit. Each binder warp thread crosses above four' and below four of the filling picks, while each of thevfour'back warps pass above two and below six ofthe filling picks, and thus in all the warp threads cross above the filling picks twelve tim'es and below twenty-eight ti'mes'in the unit. Moreover, as each back warp thread passes bel-ow iive billing picks in sequence, it will be obvious that ai considerable part of the warp threads is on the back of the web.

In the preferred embodiment of my invention which is illustrated in the drawings, I have used for the rubber cords, a thread'of No. 34 rubber, covered with two layers of cotton yarn'. The bin-der threads are No. 2`0/2cotton yarn, preferably mercerized, and the back warp threads are cotton yarn of size itl/2. y The filling picks each consist ofk two threads of cotton yarn of 19 /2 size, preterably mercerized, these two threads acting as one and, of course, lcarried across the web by one movement of the shuttle. Together they are substantially equal to onevNo. 9% twoply thread. Ihave found thatvby using threadsv ot the size designated a very' desirable webV is produced.' It will, of course, be

understood thatcon'siderable variation may be resorted to in this respect without departing' from the spirit of the invention.

v The 'selvageedge rot my improved fabric may be made-m the usual orany preferred manner. As shown 1n the drawings, itY consists et ay single outer rubber warp c0'rd22.- between which and the bedy' of the fabric' It will also be noted are placed a' number of warp threads- 23. These warp threads are traversed by the lilling picks in the usualway, the latter passing around the cord 22; It will be apparent, therefore, that the rubber warp cords are in at single layer across thel entire width of the fabric, including the selvage edge, although Iy do not necessarily limit myself to this exact construction.

It will also be apparent from Figs. 5I-and Gy tour back warp threads in each unit, each Fi of the ribswill be held to the rubber cords by two of the back warp threads in each unit. As already explained, each unit is also crossed by each binder warp thread.

In Figi of the drawings, I have shown a web of somewhat modified form in that two tace filling picks 17aL and 17l0 are used in place of the single pick 17 shown in Figs. 1 to 6. These two picks, however, are adjacent each other and are hunched together to form one rib and may bev considered in some respects' like 'one thread',` although two distinct movements of the shuttle may be required to produce them; They are crossed as one pick by the warp' threads in exactly` the same manner that the single face pick is crossed by the warp threads in the other ligures ot the drawings.

YWhile I have shown and Vdescribed a preferred embodiment of my invention, it will be understood that it is not to-be limited to all the details shown but is capable ofinodiicaton and variation within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims. For instance, the number, arrangement and? size of the threads and cords may be varied to some extent. If, for instance, the back warp threads were No. 20/2 and were rather loosely twisted, the web would have a back even softer than that described. Such a web might or might not be preferable, according as the opinions of the various' purchasers might differ.

that I claim is: l

1. Elastic webbing having a single layer of covered rubber warp cords, picks of filling above said cords and spaced apart to form therewith a reticulated lface for the web, picks of' filling below said cords, and means to bind the aforesaid `elements together including a number yof warp tlireads Heated on the back surface' of the web outside a plurality "et adjacent lowerY fil-ling picks and at intervals passing up and downwardly betweentwo' va'djace-iit back picks to go ever a face piek and beheld thereby'.

2L Elastic webbing having a single layer of covered rubberv warp' cords, picks of lilling above said cords constituting cross ribs spaced tormj there-'with a retculated face for the web, Vpicks of filling below said cords, and means to bind the aforesaid elements together including a number of waip threads engaging every alternate face rib and being floated on the back surface of the web outside a plurality of adjacent lower filiing picks and said warpthreads passing` downwardly on each side of the face ribs engaged thereby to pass under two` adjacent back picks.

3. Elastic web, having a single layer of covered rubber warp cords, face picks constituting cross ribs above said cords and spaced apart to form a reticulated face for the web, back picks of filling below the cords and more numerous than the face picks, binder warp threads engaging the face ribs and back picks, and back warp threads held by certain of the face ribs and floated outside of a plurality of adjacent back picks in one step to be exposed on the back of the web for the greater portion of their lengths.

l. Elastic web, having a single layerjofy covered rubber warp cords, faceiilling picks constituting cross ribs above said cords,back filling picks below said cords more numerous than the face picks, binder warp threads passing under and over alternate face ribs and back picks, and kother warp threads passing over certain of the filler picks but under and outside a greater number thereof to fioat on the back of the web and forni in conjunction with the back iller picks a soft back surface for the web.

5. Elastic web, having a single layer of covered rubber warp cords, face filling picks constituting cross ribs above said cords, back filling picks below said cords more numerous than the face picks, binder warp threads engaging every face rib, other warp threads engaging every alternate face rib and certain back filling picks, and said cross ribs being spaced apart to form face reticules with the rubber cords.A

6. Elasticweb, having a single layer of rubber warp cords, face filling picks constitutingcross ribs above said cords,back picks of filling below said cords, binder warp threads engaging every face rib and other warp threads engaging every alternate face rib and exposed on the back of the web for the greater portion of their lengths,

7. Elastic web, having a single layer Vof covered rubber warp cords, face filling picks constituting cross ribs above said cords and spaced apart, back filling picks below the cords and arrangedin groups between said ribs, and means to bind the Vaforesaid elements together including textile warp threads passing upwardly and downwardly between two adjacent back picks to engage every alternateface rib anderossing under and outside of a. plurality of adjacent back picks in one step. l

8. Elastic web, havinga single layer of,v

covered rubber warp cords, face filling picks constituting cross ribs above said cords and Y spaced apart, back filling picks below the cords and arranged in groups between sait ribs, and means to bind the aforesaid ele-V.

nients together including bacit` warp threads lying below the back filling picks but held by the face picks above said cords at relatively long intervals and said back warp threads passing downwardly on each side of the face picks by which they vareheld to pass below adjacent back picks.

9. Elastic web, havinga single lay-er of covered rubber warp cords, face filling picks constituting cross ribs above said cords and spaced apart, back filling picksbelow the cords and arranged in groupsl between said ribs, and means to bind the aforesaid elements together, including stuthng warp threads lying below a plurality of adjacent of rubber cords, face yfilling picks Vabove vsaid cords constituting cross ribs, back filling picks below said coi-ds, binder warp threads engaging certain ofthe back filling picks and all 'ace cross ribs to perform a binding action, and back warp threads engaging certain back filling picks and alternate face ribs also to perform a binding action, and being exposed on the back of thevweb for the l greater portion of their lengths.

1l. Elastic webbing, having a single layer of rubber cords, face filling picks above said cords constituting vface ribs, back filling picks arranged in groups below said cords, binder warp threads engaging the face ribs and back filling picks, and back warp threads passing alternately over and under the' picks lof one group and passing under all the picks of vanother group.-

l2. An elastic web, having a single layer of covered rubber cords crossed by facepicks of filling constituting cross ribs, eachA containing one or more of said picks, said ribs cooperating with the cords Aand other elements o-f the web to form a reticulated face,

back picks of filling more numerous than the face picks to serve in part to form part of a soft back for the web, binder warp threads engaging certain of the back picks and all the face picks to perform a binding action, and other warp threads more numerous than the binder threads and serving in part to bind the ,elements of the web together, said threads also being exposed on the back of `the web for the greater lpart of their lengths to form with the back filling-.picks a soft back surface for the web.

13. Elastic webbing having a single layer of covered rubber warp cords, facepicksof filling above said cords'constituting cross ribs spaced apart to form with the cords a reticulated face for the web, the number of leticules being substantially equal to the number of crossings of the rubber'cords andV face filling picks, picks of filling below said cords, and means to bind the aforesaid elements together including a number of warp threads engaging at intervals face picks of is filling, and passing downwardly on each side t' cords, binder warp threads engaging all of the face warps and face picks, and back warp picks held by certain of the face picks,

and floated on the back of the web outside of a plurality of back filling picks to form i a soft back surface for the web.

l5. Elastic webbing having a single layer of rubber cords, face picks of filling above said cords constituting cross ribs, back filling picks below said cords, binder warp 5"? threads engaging certain of the back filling covered rubber cords crossed by face picks of filling constituting cross ribs, each `containing one or more of said picks, said ribs cooperating with the cords and other elements of the web to form a reticulated face, back picks of fillingl having a greater aggre gate cross-section than the cross picks to serve in part to form a soft back surface for 'the web, binder warpv threads engaging certain of the back picks and all the face rpicks to perform abinding action, and other` warp threads more numerous than the binder threads and serving in part to bind the elements of the web together, said threads also passing outside of a plurality of adjacent back filling picks to form with the back filling picks a softback surface for the web.

17. An elastic web, having a single layer of covered rubber cords crossed by face picks of filling constituting cross ribs, each containing one or more of said picks, said ribs cooperating with the cords and other elements. of the web to form a reticulated face, back picks of filling more numerous than the face picks to serve in part to form part of a soft back for the web, binder warp threads engaging certain of the back picks and all the face picks to perform a binding action, and stuffing warp threads engaging fewer face picks than the binder warp threads and serving in part to bind the elements of the web together, said threads also being floated on the back of the web outside of a plurality of adjacent back filling picks to form with the back filling picks a soft back surface for the web.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 23rd day of April, 1926.

GEORGE E. CLAUSS.l 

